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肺癌发病的种族差异正减少

2009-12-10

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肺癌发病的种族差异正减少

12月3日星期四(每日健康新闻)----------研究者称,在美国通过限制青少年吸烟有助于减少肺癌发病率和死亡率的种族差异。

在美国,吸烟绝大多数肺癌病例是由吸烟引起。黑人肺癌发病率在各个年龄段总是高于白种人。自从上世纪70年代,掀起的青少年戒烟运动业已证明非常有效。

在最新的研究中,研究者分析了1992—2006年从美国疾病防控中心和国家癌症研究所提供的数据,发现美国黑人男性肺癌死亡率每年降低7.9%,白人每年降低3.6%。而女性黑人肺癌死亡率每年降低4.8%,白人每年降低1.9%。

研究者称,美国男性黑人肺癌死亡风险在1992年较白人增加200%,而在2006年仅增加28%。黑人女性在1992年肺癌死亡风险比白人高出47%,而在2006年这种种族差异几乎消失。

研究也发现,在肺癌的发病率方面种族差异也减少,1992年,黑人男性的肺癌发病率是白人男性的两倍,黑人女性发病率较白人女性高75%。而到了2006年肺癌发病率黑人男性和女性较白人仅分别增加了30%和22%。

此项研究发表在12月份的Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention杂志上,焦点主要是烟草控制。

研究作者Ahmedin Jemal,美国癌症协会癌症发生研究的战略主管,在美国癌症研究协会的一个新闻发布会上说道,这个报道是个好消息,它显示限制青少年吸烟来减少或消除吸烟相关疾病种族性差异的重要性。

 


Lung Cancer‘s Racial Gap Narrowing

THURSDAY, Dec. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Efforts to prevent teens from smoking have helped narrow the racial disparity in lung cancer incidence and death rates among adults in the United States, researchers say.

Smoking causes most lung cancer cases in the United States. Lung cancer cases have been consistently higher in blacks than in whites at all ages. Since the 1970s, programs to reduce smoking by teens have proven highly effective.

In the new study, researchers analyzed 1992-2006 data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute and found that lung cancer death rates among men decreased by 7.9 percent per year in blacks and 3.6 percent per year in whites. Among women, lung cancer death rates decreased by 4.8 percent per year in blacks and 1.9 percent per year in whites.

The increased risk of death from lung cancer among black men compared with whites decreased from more than 200 percent in 1992 to 28 percent in 2006. Among women, the risk of death from lung cancer was 47 percent higher among blacks than whites in 1992. That disparity had virtually disappeared by 2006, according to the researchers.

The study also found a reduction in the racial gap in lung cancer incidence rates. In 1992, black men were more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer as white men, while black women had a more than 75 percent greater risk than white women. By 2006, the risk was 30 percent higher for black men and 22 percent higher for black women.

The study is published in the December issue of the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, which features a special focus on tobacco.

"This report is good news in that it shows the importance of preventing teens from smoking in narrowing or eliminating racial disparities in smoking-related diseases," study author Ahmedin Jemal, strategic director for cancer occurrence at the American Cancer Society, said in a news release from the American Association for Cancer Research.
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[关键词: 肺癌 种族 差异 ]

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